方向転換を解消する西武「短絡線」計画 建設用地の確保から数十年、実現の可能性は?

東京と埼玉西部を結ぶ西武鉄道の池袋線・西武秩父線は、途中の飯能駅で線路の向きが変わり、両線を直通する列車も方向転換しなければなりません。この手間暇を解消するための計画は古くからありますが、実現の可能性はあるのでしょうか。

池袋線の延伸で方向転換が必要に

 東京から埼玉に延びる通勤路線のひとつ、西武鉄道の池袋線。その名の通り、東京の池袋駅から西へ延び、埼玉県飯能市の市街中心部にある飯能駅と、同市内の山間部にある吾野駅を結んでいます。吾野駅からは西武秩父線がさらに延びていて、池袋~西武秩父間を直通する特急列車などが運転されています。

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列車の進行方向が変わる西武池袋線の飯能駅(2013年7月、草町義和撮影)。

 直通列車は途中の飯能駅で列車の向きが変わります。これは飯能駅で線路の向き自体が変わるため。池袋駅から西へ進んできた池袋線は、飯能駅でいったん北東へ向きを変えるのです。この方向転換のため、列車の到着から出発までに3分程度の時間がかかります。

 これを解消するため、「短絡線」の計画が古くからあります。しかし、工事は休止状態になっていて、いまも実現のめどは立っていません。

 西武池袋線は1915(大正4)年に池袋~飯能間が開業。その後、飯能駅から北西方向に延伸する計画が立てられましたが、飯能駅の東側を南北に通る国鉄(現在のJR東日本)八高線の建設が計画されたため、飯能駅で進行方向を変えて八高線の東飯能駅に立ち寄り、そこから北西方向に延伸するルートを採用することになりました。

 こうして1929(昭和4)年に飯能~吾野間が開業しましたが、途中で進行方向が変わるため、運転士が編成の前後を移動しなければならず、手間と時間がかかります。特に貨物列車の場合、先頭の機関車を付け替える手間も加わるため、所要時間の短縮や輸送力の強化が難しいという課題を抱え続けることになったのです。

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